DOI是數位物件識別碼（DigitalObjectIdentifier）的簡稱，
為物件在網路上的唯一識別碼，可用於永久連結並引用目標物件。

使用DOI作為永久連結

引用含有DOI的文獻

有DOI的文獻在引用時皆應同時引用DOI。若使用APA、Chicago以外未規範DOI的引用格式，可引用DOI永久連結。

ACI:

數據來源：Academic Citation Index，簡稱ACI
臺灣地區最大的引用文獻資料庫，目前收錄臺灣地區所出版的人文學、社會學領域學術期刊，穩定出刊中的期刊總量約400種，若包含已收錄但後續停刊的期刊，總期刊量超過500種，每年定期公布收錄期刊的影響係數(Impact Factor)等指標給大眾，並可提供專家學者免費進行學術研究使用。

影響指數（Impact Factor）：某一期刊前兩年產出的論文，在統計年平均被引用的次數。
公式：（前兩年發表論文在統計年的被引用次數）÷（前兩年論文產出論文總篇數）
例如：2010年之影響係數（2011年呈現）
2009年A期刊產出論文15篇，2009年A期刊產出論文在2009年被引用20次
2008年A期刊產出論文16篇，2008年A期刊產出論文在2009年被引用30次
→ 2010年的影響係數 =（20+30）÷（15+16）≒1.61

什麼是預刊文章？

為提供讀者最前線之學術資訊，於期刊文獻獲同意刊登後、紙本印製完成前，率先於網路線上發表之文章即為預刊文章。預刊文章尚未有卷期、頁次及出版日期資訊，但可藉由DOI號識別。DOI號是文獻的數位身份證字號，不論預刊或正式出版皆不會改變，讀者可點擊DOI連結，或於DOI號前面加上「http://dx.doi.org/」連結到文獻目前最新版本。

如何引用預刊文章？

請使用預刊文章的線上發表日期及DOI號來引用該篇文獻。

引用範例(視不同引文格式規範可能有所差異)：

作者姓名。文章篇名。期刊名稱。YYYY/MM/DD線上預先發表。

doi:DOI號

0個人覺得 這篇文章讚
  1. Huntington, Samuel Phillips (1996), The Clash of Civilizations and Remaking of World, NY: Simon & Schuster.
    連結：
  2. Remington, Thomas F. (2012), State Building in Putin’s Russia: Policing and Coercion after Communism, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    連結：
  3. 王承宗(2000)，「車臣戰爭與車臣問題」，《問題與研究》，第6期，頁1-31。
    連結：
  4. 許菁芸、宋鎮照(2013)，「地緣政治與國家主權的關係研究─以車臣和科索沃獨立省思臺海兩岸問題」，《政治學報》，第56期，頁55-78。
    連結：
  5. Akaev, Vakhit (2014), “The History and Specifics of Contemporary Islamic Revival in the Chechen Republic,” Anthropology & Archeology of Eurasia, 53(2)：79-102.
    連結：
  6. Blank, Stephen J. (2002), “Putin’s Twelve-Step Program,” The Washimgton Quaterly, 25(1)：147-160.
    連結：
  7. Campana, Aure´lie (2006), “The Effects of War on the Chechen National Identity Construction,” National Identities, 8(2)：129-148.
    連結：
  8. Russell, John (2008), “Ramzan Kadyrov: The Indigenous Key to Success in Putin’s Chechenization Strategy?,” Nationalities Papers, 36(4)：659-687.
    連結：
  9. Sakwa, Richard (2010), “The Revenge of Caucasus: Chechenization and the Dual State in Russia,” Nationalities Papers, 38(5)：601-622.
    連結：
  10. Tanrisever, Oktay (2001), “Russian Nationalism and Moscow’s Violations of Human Rights in the Second Chechen War,” Human Rights Review, 2(3)：117-127.
    連結：
  11. Ware, Robert Bruce (2009), “Chechenization : Ironies and Intricacies,” The Brown Journal of World Affairs, 15(2)：157-169.
    連結：
  12. (1970) “Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe,” OSCE: Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, (Last visited：03/01/2016).
    連結：
  13. Yeltsin, Boris (1999), “Full Text of Boris Yeltsin's Speech,” BBC News,
    連結：
  14. 官方文件
  15. (2014) “⑶?????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????
  16. ?????????”, ???????????? ???????????????????? ???????, (Last visited：22/03/2016).
  17. (2015) “⑶ ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????? ?? 15,3 ????????”, ⑷???? ? ????????????? ????????? ??????????, (Last visited：24/04/2015).
  18. (2016) “⑷?????? - ????? ?????????? ????? ??????”, ⑷???? ? ????????????? ????????? ??????????, (Last visited：22/03/2016).
  19. (1998) “⑸????????? ? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????”, ??????????? ?????????? ?????????, (Last visited：30/12/2015).
  20. (2015) “⑼???????? ⑷???? ????????? ??????????”, ⑼???????? ⑷???? ????????? ??????????, (Last visited：22/03/2016).
  21. (2016) “⑽????????? ? ???????? ????? ? ??⑵ ??????”, ??????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????, (Last visited：21/03/2016).
  22. (2013) “????????? ???????????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ?????????”, ????? ⑵??????????? ?????????? ?????????,(Last visited：05/01/2016).
  23. (2011) “????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ? ?????????? ?????????”, ????? ⑵??????????? ?????????? ?????????, (Last visited：08/03/2016).
  24. (2015) “?????????? ???????? ??”, ???????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????, (Last visited：24/03/2016).
  25. (2016) “????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ??????”, ??????? ?????, (Last visited：23/04/2016).
  26. (2015) “?? ?????????????? ???????????? ? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ????????? ??”, ???????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????, (Last visited：15/03/2016).
  27. (2016) “?? ??????????? ??????????????? ????????? «?????????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????» ?? 2016–2020 ???? (2016 ????) ”, ????????????? ??????, (Last visited：05/01/2016).
  28. (1995) “? ??????????????? ??????????????? ? ?????????? ?????????-?????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????”, ⑸???????? ??????? ⑷⑴?⑴??, (Last visited：21/03/2016).,
  29. (2015) “? ???????????????? ???????? ?? ??????????????? ?????????????? ??????????”, ????????? ??????, (Last visited：22/01/2016).
  30. (2015) “? ????? ??????????? ? ????? ?????????? ???????????????? ? ???????”, ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????, (Last visited：25/04/2015).
  31. (2008) “? ???????????? ?? ?????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ??????????”, ??????????? ???? ??????, (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  32. “? ????????? ???????? ???????????????? ?????????? ? ????? ?????, ????????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ????????????”, ?????????? ??????, (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  33. (2013) “? ???????????? ???????????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????”, ????????? ????????? ??????????, (Last visited：15/03/2016).
  34. (1996) “???????? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ? ?????????? ?????????”, ????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????, (Last visited：05/01/2016).
  35. (2015) “????????????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????????-?????????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?? 2015 ??? ? ???????? ?????? ?? 2017 ????”, Ekonomika VZW, (Last visited：23/04/2016).
  36. (2011) “??????? ????????????????? ????????? ??????????: ? 2013 ???? ???? ???????????? ???????????????????? ????????? ? ??????? ???????? 15,2%”, ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????, (Last visited：25/04/2015).
  37. (2014) “??????? ?????????-?????????????? ???????? ?????????
  38. ??????????”, ???????????? ??????????????, ???????????????? ????????? ?????????????????, (Last visited：21/03/2016).
  39. (2016) “????? ?? ??????????? ??? ⑷???? ????????? ??????????”, ⑽????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????, (Last visited：15/03/2016).
  40. (2012) “????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? 2025 ????”, ????? ⑵??????????? ???????????????????, (Last visited：05/01/2016).
  41. (2009) “????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ?? 2020 ????”, ????? ⑵??????????? ?????????? ?????????, (Last visited：30/12/2015).
  42. (2016) “???? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ?? 31 ??????? 2015 ???? N 683 ? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????”, ?????????? ⑷?????, (Last visited：11/01/2016).
  43. (2004) “???? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ?? 10.05.2004 ?. ? 606”, ????????? ??????, (Last visited：21/03/2016).
  44. 書籍資料
  45. 中文書籍
  46. 王傳照(2002)，地緣政治與國家安全，台北：幼獅文化事業股份有限公司。
  47. 史露靜 譯。雅各布．阿博特 著(2006)，彼得大帝傳，江西：江西教育出版社。
  48. 左鳳榮(2013)，戈巴契夫改革時期，北京：人民出版社。
  49. 白嗣宏(2012)，從集權到民主－看懂俄羅斯之一，台北：威秀資訊科技。
  50. 李明正、鄭欽模 等合著(2006)，國際關係International Relations，台北：五南圖書出版有限公司。
  51. 汪毓瑋 主編(2007)，恐怖主義與國家安全，台北：幼獅文化。
  52. 昊克禮(2001)，當代俄羅斯社會與文化，上海：上海外語教育出版社。
  53. 班．裘達著，韓沁林譯(2015)，普丁強權下的俄羅斯真相，香港：大雁出版基地。
  54. 翁明賢 主編(2013)，國際關係新論，台北：五南圖書。
  55. 楊白勞(2014)，世界歷史有一套之最冷和最熱的俄羅斯，台北：大地出版社。
  56. 葉陽明(2014)，德國安全政策，台北：五南圖書出版有限公司。
  57. 趙明義(2008)，國家安全的理論與實際，台北：時英出版社。
  58. 劉向文(2002)，俄國政府與政治，台北：五南圖書出版有限公司。
  59. 劉雪蓮(2002)，地緣政治學，長春：吉林大學出版社。
  60. 樓耀亮(2002)，地緣政治與中國國防戰略，天津：天津人民出版社。
  61. 鄭羽主編(2008)，普丁時代(2000-2008)，北京：新華書店。
  62. 英文書籍
  63. Berman, Michael (2008), The Shamanic Themes in Chechen Folktales, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  64. Brancati, Dawn (2009), Peace By Design, NY: Oxford University Press.
  65. Bunce, Valerie (1999), Subversive Institutions: The Design and the Collapse of Socialism and the State, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  66. Bunker, Robert (2014), Networks, Terrorism and Global Insurgency, NY: Routledge.
  67. Coppieters, Bruno (2001), Federalism and Conflict in the Caucasus, UK: Royal Institute of International Affairs.
  68. Jaimoukha, Amjad (2005), The Chechens: A HandBook, NY: Routledge Curzon.
  69. Jeffries, Ian (2011), Political Developments in Contemporary Russia, NY: Routledge.
  70. Morison, John (2000), Ethnic and National Issues in Russian and East Eourpean History, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  71. Rieber, Alfred (2014), The Struggle for the Eurasian Borderlands: From the Rise of Early Modern Empires to the End of the First World War, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  72. Ross, Cameron (2004), Russian Politics Under Putin, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  73. Seely, Robert (2005), Russo-Chechen Conflict,1800-2000, NY: Frank Cass Publishers.
  74. Szászdi, Lajos F. (2009), Russian civil-military relations and the origins of the second Chechen war,US: University Press of America.
  75. Taras, Ray (2013), Russia’s Identity in International Relations Images, Perceptions, Misperceptions, NY: Routledge.
  76. Tishkov, Valery (2004), Chechnya: Life in a War-Torn Society, CA: University of California Press.
  77. Toft, Monica (2003), The Geography of Ethnic Violence:Identity, Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory, NY: Princeton University Pess.
  78. Van Herpen, Marcel H. (2014), Putin’s Wars The Rise of Russian’s New Imperialism, UK: Rowan & Littlefield.
  79. Wegren, Stephen K. (2013), Return to Putin’s Russia Past Imperfect, Future Uncertaine, UK: Rowan & Littlefield.
  80. White, Stephen (1998), After Gorbachev, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  81. 俄文書籍
  82. ??????, ??????? ⑴???????????? (2004), ⑷??????????, ??????: ⑽??????????? ???????????? ??????????.
  83. 期刊資料
  84. 中文期刊
  85. 尹紹偉(2010)，「俄羅斯北高加索聯邦區的設立及前景分析」，《重慶科技學院學報》，第24期，頁54-57。
  86. 王恩學、張金平(2008)，「試析車臣分離勢力恐怖化的暴力文化因素」，《俄羅斯研究》，第1卷第149期，頁22-27。
  87. 李春燕(2007)，「淺論普丁的車臣政策」，《西伯利亞研究》，第34卷第3期，頁67-69。
  88. 李雅君(2005)，「車臣問題--普丁執政的契機與挑戰」，《俄羅斯中亞東歐研究》，第4期，頁12-18。
  89. 肖勤(2001)，「車臣問題的來龍去脈」，《國際資料信息》，第5期，頁1-5。
  90. 侯艾君(2006)，「車臣問題與外部因素」，《俄羅斯研究》，第2期，頁39-45。
  91. 侯艾君(2014)，「俄羅斯反恐得失略論」，《當代世界》，第12期，頁68-70。
  92. 徐靜、王前鋒(2013)，「地緣政治下的俄羅斯國家戰略以及應對恐怖主義的措施」，《聊城大學學報》，第1期，頁111-117。
  93. 許可人(2014)，「車臣問題的歷史因素與現實困境」，《當代教育理論與實踐》，第6卷第12期，頁1-2。
  94. 焦志麒、杜鵬(2005)，「淺析第二次車臣戰爭的特點及啟事」，《思茅師範高等專科學校學報》，第27卷第5期，頁58-62。
  95. 程春華(2013)，「車臣的特別行政區待遇」，《世界知識》，第12期，頁48-49。
  96. 楊艷麗(2002)，「瓦哈比與車臣戰爭」，《世界民族》，第3期，頁29-36。
  97. 趙龍庚(2002)，「從世界民族分裂主義看車臣危機」，《中歐東亞研究》，第2期，頁17-117。
  98. 戴艷梅(2012)，「淺析俄羅斯反恐政策形成的歷程」，《國防與軍隊建設史研究》，第5期，頁29-32。
  99. 龐大鵬(2006)，「俄羅斯車臣共和國新總理拉姆贊·卡德羅夫」，《俄羅斯中亞東歐研究》，第5期，頁81-82。
  100. 英文期刊
  101. Borshchevskaya, Anna (2013), “Russia's Approach to Terrorism: Divergent Understanding and Human Rights Abuses Hinder Cooperation with the West,” Nationalities Papers, 24(4)：68-81.
  102. Cameron, Ross (2011), “Intorduction: Russian Regional Politics under Putin and Medvedev,” Europe- Asia Studies, 63(3)：361-366.
  103. Cornell, Svante E. (2013), “Autonomy as a Source of Conflict: Caucasian Conflicts in theoretical perspective,” World Politics, 54(2)：245-276.
  104. Draganova, Diana (2005), “Peace or Perpetual War in Chechnya,” A Jounal of Social Justice, Vol. 17 (2-3)：315-321.
  105. Freni, Salvatore (2002), “Causes of Violent Conflict in the Caucasus Since the Collapse of Communism,” International Affairs, 5(1)：1-2.
  106. Freni, Salvatore (2010), “Examining the Radicalization of Chechen Separatists During the Resistance Movement,” International Affairs, 2(16)：1-2.
  107. Gilligan, Emma (2009), “The Chechen Story: A Tragedy of Violence and Retaliation (Review Essay),” Journal of Human Rights, 8(4)：427-437.
  108. Huges, James (2001), “Chechnya: the Causes of a Protracted Post-Soviet Conflict,” Civil Wars, 4(4)：11-48.
  109. Hughes, James (2007), “The Chechnya Conflict: Freedom Fighters or Terrorists?,” Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization,15 (3)：293-311.
  110. Hughes, Joseph (2001), “Chechnya: Understanding the Causes,” Civil Wars, 4(4)：11-48.
  111. Joshua, Sina (2015), “The Terrorist Threats Against Russia and its Counterterrorism Response Measures,” Connections, 14(4)：1-103.
  112. Kaloudis, Stergos (2007), “The Institutional Design of Russian Federalism: A Comparative Study of Three Republics; Tatarstan, Dagestan, and Chechnya,” Demokratizatsiya, 15(1)：139-151.
  113. Kramer, Mark (2005), “The Perils of Counterinsurgency Russia's War in Chechnya,” International Security, 29(3)：5-63.
  114. Kreiten, Irma (2009), “A Colonial Experiment in Cleansing: the Russian Conquest of Western Caucasus, 1856–65,”Journal of Genocide Research, 11(2–3)：213–241.
  115. Lukyanov, Fyodor (2009), “Putin's Russia: The Quest for a New Place,” Social Research, 76(1)：117-150.
  116. Malek, Martin (2008), “Russia, Iran, and The Conflict in Chechnya,” Causasian Review of International Affairs, 2(1)：25-34.
  117. Melvin, Neil J. (2007), “Building Stability in the North Caucasus Ways Forward for Russia and the European Union,” Sipiri Policy Paper, (16)：1-59.
  118. Omelicheva, Mariya Y. (2009), “Russia’s Counterterrorism Policy: Variations on an Imperial Theme,” Perspectives on Terrorism, 3(1)：3-10.
  119. Perovic, Jeronim (2005), “From Disengagement to Active Economic Competition: Russia’s Return to the South Caucasus and Central Asia,” Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization, 13(1)：61-85.
  120. Roeder, Philip G. (1991), “Soviet Federalism and Ethnic Mobilization,” World Politics, 43(2)：196-232.
  121. Russell, John (2011), “Kadyrov’s Chechnya- Tamplate, Test or Trouble for Russia’s Regional Policy,” Europe- Asia Studies, 63(3)：509-528.
  122. Sinai, Joshua (2014), “Russian Counterterrorism Policy,” in FOCUS Quarterly Journal, 8(1)：1-2.
  123. Souleimanov, Emil &Ditrych, Ondrej (2008), “The Internationalisation of the Russian–Chechen Conflict: Myths and Reality,” Europe- Asia Studies, 60(7)：1199-1222.
  124. Swirszcz, Joanna (2009), “The Role of Isalam in Chechen National Identity,” Nationalities Papers, 37(1)：59-88.
  125. Vidino, Lorenzo (2005), “How Chechnya Became a Breeding Ground for Terror,” Middle East Quarterly, 12(3)：57-66.
  126. Wilhelmsen, Julie (2005), “Between a Rock and a Hard Place: The Islamisation of the Chechen Speratist Movement,” Europe-Asia Studies, 57(1)：35-59.
  127. 俄文期刊
  128. ⑴????????, ?????????? , ⑴????, ????????? (2010), “⑶?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ⑶???????? ??????”, ??????????? ⑴??? ? ??????, 4(13) : 22-46.
  129. ????????, ⑶??????? ⑶????????? (1993),《? ??????? «???????????»》, ⑶?????? ??????????? ????????????, ?????????-???????????? ⑽???????????,12(4) : 36–37.
  130. 網路資料
  131. 中文資料
  132. 「北高加索：難以癒合的傷口」，中國網，(最後瀏覽日：27/06/2016)。
  133. 「車臣：被仇恨詛咒的民族」，大紀元， (最後瀏覽日：31/03/2016)。
  134. 「俄羅斯建國後最大的危機—車臣危機內幕揭秘」，壹讀， (最後瀏覽日：27/06/2016)。
  135. 「普丁宣布格羅茲尼戰事結束」，BBC中文網， (最後瀏覽日：23/04/2016)。
  136. 王正泉，「北高加索:難以癒合的傷口」，新華網 (最後瀏覽日：24/05/2016)。
  137. 徐振澤、孫景源、舒梓，「俄羅斯恐怖事件根源及教訓：車臣之鑒」，易讀， (最後瀏覽日：31/03/2016)
  138. 張林，「悲慘的車臣民族」，大紀元，(最後瀏覽日：31/03/2016)。
  139. 張嘯天「聚焦俄羅斯四次武力運用:兩戰車臣亮劍烏克蘭」，環球視野， (最後瀏覽日：31/03/2016)。
  140. 第二次車臣戰爭」，王朝網路， (最後瀏覽日：31/03/2016)。
  141. 羅彥傑，「俄將保持在阿富汗軍事參與為反恐盟軍提供情報」，中新網< http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/junshi/419130.htm=""> (最後瀏覽日：25/04/2016)。
  142. 羅彥傑，「俄羅斯下令結束車臣反恐戰爭」，大紀元 (最後瀏覽日：28/03/2016)。
  143. 鐘明，「回望車臣」，文化中國 (最後瀏覽日：20/03/2016)。
  144. 英文資料
  145. (2003) “Chechen Statehood: Is Islam an Obstacle?,” The Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University, (Last visited：21/03/2016).
  146. Cohen, Ariel (2012), “A Threat to the West: The Rise of Islamist Insurgency in the Northern Caucasus and Russia’s Inadequate Response,” Heritage Foundation, (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  147. De Waal, Thomas (2013), “Russia Must Let the World into Chechnya,” Financial Times, (Last visited：10/03/2016).
  148. Donaldson, Robert H. (2000), “Boris Yeltsin's Foreign Policy Legacy,” The University of Tulsa,
  149. < http://www.personal.utulsa.edu/~robert-donaldson/yeltsin.htm=""> (Last visited：28/06/2016).
  150. (2010) “Forty Predators of Press Freedom,” Reporters sans frontières,
  151. < https://rsf.org/en/news/forty-predators-press-freedom=""> (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  152. (2015) “From Nationalism to Islamism: Separatism in Post-Soviet Chechnya,” Foreign Intrigue,
  153. (Last visited：21/03/2016).
  154. Fuller, Liz (2015), “Chechnya's Best-Kept Secret: The Workings of the Akhmad Kadyrov Fund,” Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty, (Last visited：17/03/2016).
  155. (1990) “G7 Ministers Gather in Berlin with Chechnya on Agenda,” The Jamestown Foundation, (Last visited：21/03/2016).
  156. (2014) “International Islamic Peacekeeping Brigade,” Mapping Militant Organizations, (Last visited：17/03/2016).
  157. Jeronim, Perovic (2006), “Moscow's North Caucasus quagmire,” ISN Security Watch,
  158. (Last visited：15/03/2016).
  159. (1996) “Khasavyourt Joint Declaration and Principles for Mutual Relations,” United Nations of Peacemaker, (Last visited：03/01/2016).
  160. Koshka, Cherney (2005), “North Caucasus: Fires Of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Still Burn,” The RAWR Report, (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  161. Leitzinger, Antero (2010), “Historical Reflections on the War in Chechnya,” Google Sites, (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  162. Lieven, Anatol and Hill, Fiona (2005),
  163. “Now Let the Chechens Select Their Leaders: Chechnya After Maskhadov,” The Brookings Foundation, (Last visited：03/01/2013).
  164. (2012) “Moscow Theatre Siege: Questions Remain Unanswered,” BBC News, (Last visited：25/03/2016).
  165. Nichol, Jim (2010), “Stability in Russia’s Chechnya and Other Regions
  166. of the North Caucasus: Recent Developments,” Congressional Research Service, (Last visited: 04/01/2016).
  167. Mirovalev, Mansur (2000), “Chechnya, Russia and 20 years of conflict,” Al Jazeera, (Last visited：27/06/2016).
  168. (2000) “OSCE Summit in Istanbul: OSCE Leaders Seek Balance Between Humanitarian Imperatives and Respect for National Sovereignty, Adopt “Charter for European Security,” Cambridge Journals, (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  169. (1996) “Parliament,” WaYNaKH Online, (Last visited：25/03/2016).
  170. Payin, Emil A., Popov, Arkady A. (2003), “Chechnya,” Rand Corporation Provides Objective Research Services and Public Policy Analysis, (Last visited: 07/03/2016).
  171. (1999) “Putin rebuffs Chechnya warnings,” BBC News,
  172. (Last visited：21/06/2016).
  173. (2012) “Report about Chechen Refugees in Turkey and Georgia,” Borderline -Europe, (Last visited：24/03/2016).
  174. (2003) “Riyad us-Saliheyn Martyrs' Brigade (RSRSBCM),” Terrorism Research & Analysis Consortium, (Last visited：17/03/2016).
  175. Romey, Kristin M. (2000), “Casualities of the Chechen War,” Archaeology Magazine,
  176. (Last visited：09/05/2016).
  177. Russell, John (2014), “Security Challenges in the North and South Caucasus,” Chatham House, (Last visited: 31/03/2016).
  178. (2002) “Russia Says Cost of Chechen War Far Exceeds Estimate,” The New York Times, (Last visited：21/01/2016).
  179. Sepahpour Ulrich, Soraya (2015), “Sanctioned Terrorism,” ??????????? ⑷?????, (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  180. Sokirianskaia, Ekaterina (2015), “Turning Chechnya’s Precarious Stability into Peace,” Crisis Group, (Last visited：25/03/2016).
  181. Traynor, Ian (2004), “Akhmad Kadyrov,” The Guardian, (Last visited：17/03/2016).
  182. Ulansky, Elena (2015), “Syria vs Chechnya - West Has to Learn From Putin,” The Huffington Post,
  183. (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  184. (2002) “War Crimes In Chechnya and the Response of the West,” Human Rights Watch, (Last visited：24/03/2016).
  185. Whitney, Mike (2015), “Putin’s Revenge? The Fight for the Border,” Counter Punch,
  186. (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  187. (Last visited：03/01/2016).
  188. 俄文資料
  189. ⑵????, ⑽???? ? ⑴??????, ⑼???? ? ?????????, ⑵???? ? ?????????, ?????????? (2016), “⑶????? ?? ???? ???????”, ??????????? ⑷?????,
  190. (Last visited：30/12/2015).
  191. (2015) “⑶ ?⑶⑸ ?????? ????? ????????????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????? ? ⑷??????”, ?????? ?????, (Last visited：30/05/2016).
  192. (2016) “⑶ ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????-????????????? ?????????? ????????”, ?????? ?????, (Last visited：24/03/2016).
  193. (1995) “⑸?? ??????? ????? ⑵?????? ??????????? ? 11 ? 13 ????? ???????”, ?⑽⑴ ???????, (Last visited：09/04/2016).
  194. (2015) “⑸?????? ??????: ⑶ ?????? ??????? ? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????”, RT ?? ???????, (Last visited：30/05/2016).
  195. (2015) “??????? vs ?⑶⑸ ??”, The New Times, (Last visited：22/03/2016).
  196. ???????, ⑴???? ? ????????????, ???????? (2016), “⑸???????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? — ??????? ???? ???????????? ?????????”, ⑽???????, (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  197. ⑹???????, ??????? ⑶????????? (2010), “⑹??????? ?.⑶. ???? ????????????????? ??????. ⑵?????????? ? ?????? ????”, ⑽?????? ????? ??????, (Last visited: 31/03/2016).
  198. (2014) “⑹?????? ⑴?????? ????????”, ?????????? ????, (Last visited：16/03/2016).
  199. ????????, ⑹???? (2015), “????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????”, ????? ⑷?????, (Last visited：23/02/2016).
  200. (2014) “?? ?????????”, ⑷?????? ⑽?????,
  201. (Last visited：28/03/2016).
  202. (2016) “?????? ?????”, ⑽??????????? ??? ???????????,< http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2630476=""> (Last visited: 31/03/2016).
  203. (2010) “?. ???????: ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ? ????????”, ??????? ?????, (Last visited：24/03/2016).
  204. ??????, ????????? (2003), “?????? ???????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ????? — ??????? "??????????????" ???????????? ???????????? ?????????”, ??????? ???????????????? ⑶?? ????, (Last visited：22/03/2016).
  205. (1996) “?????? ? ??????? ? ????????????”, ?????????? ????, < http://www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/218853/=""> (Last visited：09/04/2016).
  206. (1996) “?????? ? ?????? ??????? (⑸???????) ? ??????”, ?⑽⑴ ???????, (Last visited：09/04/2016).
  207. (1995) “?????????? ??????? ?????????? ? ?????? ⑵??????????”, ?⑽⑴ ???????, (Last visited：09/04/2016).
  208. ????, ⑽??? (2016), “?????? ???????????? ????????????”, ⑹????????? ⑻?????,
  209. (Last visited：07/03/2016).
  210. (2016) “XX ????? ???? — ????????????? ???????”, ⑷?????.Ru,
  211. (Last visited：31/03/2016).
E-mail：
文章公開取用時，將寄通知信至您填寫的信箱地址
E-mail：