京黒紋付染Kyoto Black Dyeing
黒染の歴史はたいへん古く、10世紀まで遡りますが、黒紋付染として確立したのは、17世紀の初めと見られています。
江戸時代の中期以後は藍等で下染した「びんろうじ染」が中心となり、武士階級で黒紋付が愛用されるようになりました。明治時代に入ると、紋付羽織袴が国民の礼服に制定されたことで大いに広まりました。またイギリスの染色技術を習得し、フランスやドイツの染色を研究した結果から、手間のかかる「びんろうじ染」に代わって、現在の黒浸染(くろしんせん)と、「三度黒(さんどぐろ)」及び「黒染料(くろせんりょう)」の2つの技法による黒引染(くろひきぞめ)が確立しました。
Although the dyeing of cloth black has a very long history dating back to the 10th century, it seems that it was not until the 17th century that it became established as a recognized craft to include family crests.
In the middle of the Edo period (1600-1868), binrouji-zome, using Indigo and other dyes to pre-dye the cloth, dominated the craft which became a great favorite with the warrior classes. Then at the beginning of the Meiji period (1868-1912), its application spread widely due to the fact that haori, the short black over kimono emblazoned with family crests on the back, came into more general use on formal occasions. Gradually, with the introduction of dyeing techniques learned from the British and research done on dyestuffs from France and Germany, the rather laborious binrouji-zome technique was dropped and the present-day vat dyeing techniques as well as two others, sandokuro and kuro-senryo, became firmly established.
Silk is used and in order to perfect the depth and subtle tone of the black, the cloth is pre-dyed with crimson or indigo, using chemical dyestuffs. Application of the family crest is either done by hand-painting or with a stencil. Material for ties and arm bands is being produced along side cloths for kimono and the traditional haori worn on formal occasions.
概要
| 工芸品名 | 京黒紋付染 |
|---|---|
| よみがな | きょうくろもんつきぞめ |
| 工芸品の分類 | 染色品 |
| 主な製品 | 着物地、羽織、ネクタイ、腕章 |
| 主要製造地域 | 京都府/京都市、宇治市、亀岡市、久世郡久御山町他 |
| 指定年月日 | 昭和54年8月3日 |
連絡先
■産地組合
京都黒染工業協同組合
〒602-8143
京都府京都市上京区堀川丸太町下る京都社会福祉会館 別館2階 200号室
TEL:075-468-1076
FAX:075-468-1076
■関連展示場・施設
特徴
生地は絹織物です。化学染料を用いても、深みや微妙な味のある黒色を出すために、紅または藍等の下染も行っています。紋章上絵付けは、手描きの場合と型紙による型刷りの場合とがあります。
The fabric used for these items is silk. Even when using chemical dyes, preliminary dyeing with crimson or indigo is necessary in order to bring out the black in all its depth and subtlety. As for the coat of arms, this can either be hand-drawn or printed using a paper stencil.
作り方
白生地を引っ張って木枠にかけ、蒸気で幅出しをします。ついで反物のまま、紋章の部分が染まらないよう糊を置いて防染してから、「浸染」あるいは「引染」をします。「浸染」は、紅または藍で下染してから黒染料に浸す方法です。「引染」は刷毛による染め技法で、紅または藍の下染後、黒染料を塗ります。植物性染料と媒染(ばいせん)染料をそれぞれ2回以上塗るのが「三度黒」です。紋章上絵は最後の工程で描かれます。
White fabric is stretched over a wooden frame and then tentered by steaming it. Next, with the fabric still left untouched so as not to stain the part where the coat of arms will be, resist printing paste is applied and resist printing is carried out; only then the fabric is "hikizome" (brush dyed) or "shinsen" (dip-dyed). In "shinsen" (dip-dyed), the fabric is immersed in black dye after having been preliminarily dyed with crimson or indigo dyes. "Hikizome" (brush dyed) is a dyeing technique whereby black dye is applied by brush after the fabric has been preliminarily dyed with crimson or indigo dyes. The "sandoguro” (three times black) dyeing process consists in applying vegetable dyes and mordant dyes more than twice each. The coat of arms will be drawn at the very end of the process.
産地からの声
着用した後は、衿、袖はベンジンで拭いて、衣紋掛に2日ほど掛けてからしまって下さい。